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"""Network Authentication Helpers
Contains interface (MultiDomainBasicAuth) and associated glue code for
providing credentials in the context of network requests.
"""
import logging
import os
import shutil
import subprocess
import sysconfig
import typing
import urllib.parse
from abc import ABC, abstractmethod
from functools import lru_cache
from os.path import commonprefix
from pathlib import Path
from typing import Any, Dict, List, NamedTuple, Optional, Tuple
from pip._vendor.requests.auth import AuthBase, HTTPBasicAuth
from pip._vendor.requests.models import Request, Response
from pip._vendor.requests.utils import get_netrc_auth
from pip._internal.utils.logging import getLogger
from pip._internal.utils.misc import (
ask,
ask_input,
ask_password,
remove_auth_from_url,
split_auth_netloc_from_url,
)
from pip._internal.vcs.versioncontrol import AuthInfo
logger = getLogger(__name__)
KEYRING_DISABLED = False
class Credentials(NamedTuple):
url: str
username: str
password: str
class KeyRingBaseProvider(ABC):
"""Keyring base provider interface"""
has_keyring: bool
@abstractmethod
def get_auth_info(
self, url: str, username: Optional[str]
) -> Optional[AuthInfo]: ...
@abstractmethod
def save_auth_info(self, url: str, username: str, password: str) -> None: ...
class KeyRingNullProvider(KeyRingBaseProvider):
"""Keyring null provider"""
has_keyring = False
def get_auth_info(self, url: str, username: Optional[str]) -> Optional[AuthInfo]:
return None
def save_auth_info(self, url: str, username: str, password: str) -> None:
return None
class KeyRingPythonProvider(KeyRingBaseProvider):
"""Keyring interface which uses locally imported `keyring`"""
has_keyring = True
def __init__(self) -> None:
import keyring
self.keyring = keyring
def get_auth_info(self, url: str, username: Optional[str]) -> Optional[AuthInfo]:
# Support keyring's get_credential interface which supports getting
# credentials without a username. This is only available for
# keyring>=15.2.0.
if hasattr(self.keyring, "get_credential"):
logger.debug("Getting credentials from keyring for %s", url)
cred = self.keyring.get_credential(url, username)
if cred is not None:
return cred.username, cred.password
return None
if username is not None:
logger.debug("Getting password from keyring for %s", url)
password = self.keyring.get_password(url, username)
if password:
return username, password
return None
def save_auth_info(self, url: str, username: str, password: str) -> None:
self.keyring.set_password(url, username, password)
class KeyRingCliProvider(KeyRingBaseProvider):
"""Provider which uses `keyring` cli
Instead of calling the keyring package installed alongside pip
we call keyring on the command line which will enable pip to
use which ever installation of keyring is available first in
PATH.
"""
has_keyring = True
def __init__(self, cmd: str) -> None:
self.keyring = cmd
def get_auth_info(self, url: str, username: Optional[str]) -> Optional[AuthInfo]:
# This is the default implementation of keyring.get_credential
# https://github.com/jaraco/keyring/blob/97689324abcf01bd1793d49063e7ca01e03d7d07/keyring/backend.py#L134-L139
if username is not None:
password = self._get_password(url, username)
if password is not None:
return username, password
return None
def save_auth_info(self, url: str, username: str, password: str) -> None:
return self._set_password(url, username, password)
def _get_password(self, service_name: str, username: str) -> Optional[str]:
"""Mirror the implementation of keyring.get_password using cli"""
if self.keyring is None:
return None
cmd = [self.keyring, "get", service_name, username]
env = os.environ.copy()
env["PYTHONIOENCODING"] = "utf-8"
res = subprocess.run(
cmd,
stdin=subprocess.DEVNULL,
stdout=subprocess.PIPE,
env=env,
)
if res.returncode:
return None
return res.stdout.decode("utf-8").strip(os.linesep)
def _set_password(self, service_name: str, username: str, password: str) -> None:
"""Mirror the implementation of keyring.set_password using cli"""
if self.keyring is None:
return None
env = os.environ.copy()
env["PYTHONIOENCODING"] = "utf-8"
subprocess.run(
[self.keyring, "set", service_name, username],
input=f"{password}{os.linesep}".encode(),
env=env,
check=True,
)
return None
@lru_cache(maxsize=None)
def get_keyring_provider(provider: str) -> KeyRingBaseProvider:
logger.verbose("Keyring provider requested: %s", provider)
# keyring has previously failed and been disabled
if KEYRING_DISABLED:
provider = "disabled"
if provider in ["import", "auto"]:
try:
impl = KeyRingPythonProvider()
logger.verbose("Keyring provider set: import")
return impl
except ImportError:
pass
except Exception as exc:
# In the event of an unexpected exception
# we should warn the user
msg = "Installed copy of keyring fails with exception %s"
if provider == "auto":
msg = msg + ", trying to find a keyring executable as a fallback"
logger.warning(msg, exc, exc_info=logger.isEnabledFor(logging.DEBUG))
if provider in ["subprocess", "auto"]:
cli = shutil.which("keyring")
if cli and cli.startswith(sysconfig.get_path("scripts")):
# all code within this function is stolen from shutil.which implementation
@typing.no_type_check
def PATH_as_shutil_which_determines_it() -> str:
path = os.environ.get("PATH", None)
if path is None:
try:
path = os.confstr("CS_PATH")
except (AttributeError, ValueError):
# os.confstr() or CS_PATH is not available
path = os.defpath
# bpo-35755: Don't use os.defpath if the PATH environment variable is
# set to an empty string
return path
scripts = Path(sysconfig.get_path("scripts"))
paths = []
for path in PATH_as_shutil_which_determines_it().split(os.pathsep):
p = Path(path)
try:
if not p.samefile(scripts):
paths.append(path)
except FileNotFoundError:
pass
path = os.pathsep.join(paths)
cli = shutil.which("keyring", path=path)
if cli:
logger.verbose("Keyring provider set: subprocess with executable %s", cli)
return KeyRingCliProvider(cli)
logger.verbose("Keyring provider set: disabled")
return KeyRingNullProvider()
class MultiDomainBasicAuth(AuthBase):
def __init__(
self,
prompting: bool = True,
index_urls: Optional[List[str]] = None,
keyring_provider: str = "auto",
) -> None:
self.prompting = prompting
self.index_urls = index_urls
self.keyring_provider = keyring_provider # type: ignore[assignment]
self.passwords: Dict[str, AuthInfo] = {}
# When the user is prompted to enter credentials and keyring is
# available, we will offer to save them. If the user accepts,
# this value is set to the credentials they entered. After the
# request authenticates, the caller should call
# ``save_credentials`` to save these.
self._credentials_to_save: Optional[Credentials] = None
@property
def keyring_provider(self) -> KeyRingBaseProvider:
return get_keyring_provider(self._keyring_provider)
@keyring_provider.setter
def keyring_provider(self, provider: str) -> None:
# The free function get_keyring_provider has been decorated with
# functools.cache. If an exception occurs in get_keyring_auth that
# cache will be cleared and keyring disabled, take that into account
# if you want to remove this indirection.
self._keyring_provider = provider
@property
def use_keyring(self) -> bool:
# We won't use keyring when --no-input is passed unless
# a specific provider is requested because it might require
# user interaction
return self.prompting or self._keyring_provider not in ["auto", "disabled"]
def _get_keyring_auth(
self,
url: Optional[str],
username: Optional[str],
) -> Optional[AuthInfo]:
"""Return the tuple auth for a given url from keyring."""
# Do nothing if no url was provided
if not url:
return None
try:
return self.keyring_provider.get_auth_info(url, username)
except Exception as exc:
# Log the full exception (with stacktrace) at debug, so it'll only
# show up when running in verbose mode.
logger.debug("Keyring is skipped due to an exception", exc_info=True)
# Always log a shortened version of the exception.
logger.warning(
"Keyring is skipped due to an exception: %s",
str(exc),
)
global KEYRING_DISABLED
KEYRING_DISABLED = True
get_keyring_provider.cache_clear()
return None
def _get_index_url(self, url: str) -> Optional[str]:
"""Return the original index URL matching the requested URL.
Cached or dynamically generated credentials may work against
the original index URL rather than just the netloc.
The provided url should have had its username and password
removed already. If the original index url had credentials then
they will be included in the return value.
Returns None if no matching index was found, or if --no-index
was specified by the user.
"""
if not url or not self.index_urls:
return None
url = remove_auth_from_url(url).rstrip("/") + "/"
parsed_url = urllib.parse.urlsplit(url)
candidates = []
for index in self.index_urls:
index = index.rstrip("/") + "/"
parsed_index = urllib.parse.urlsplit(remove_auth_from_url(index))
if parsed_url == parsed_index:
return index
if parsed_url.netloc != parsed_index.netloc:
continue
candidate = urllib.parse.urlsplit(index)
candidates.append(candidate)
if not candidates:
return None
candidates.sort(
reverse=True,
key=lambda candidate: commonprefix(
[
parsed_url.path,
candidate.path,
]
).rfind("/"),
)
return urllib.parse.urlunsplit(candidates[0])
def _get_new_credentials(
self,
original_url: str,
*,
allow_netrc: bool = True,
allow_keyring: bool = False,
) -> AuthInfo:
"""Find and return credentials for the specified URL."""
# Split the credentials and netloc from the url.
url, netloc, url_user_password = split_auth_netloc_from_url(
original_url,
)
# Start with the credentials embedded in the url
username, password = url_user_password
if username is not None and password is not None:
logger.debug("Found credentials in url for %s", netloc)
return url_user_password
# Find a matching index url for this request
index_url = self._get_index_url(url)
if index_url:
# Split the credentials from the url.
index_info = split_auth_netloc_from_url(index_url)
if index_info:
index_url, _, index_url_user_password = index_info
logger.debug("Found index url %s", index_url)
# If an index URL was found, try its embedded credentials
if index_url and index_url_user_password[0] is not None:
username, password = index_url_user_password
if username is not None and password is not None:
logger.debug("Found credentials in index url for %s", netloc)
return index_url_user_password
# Get creds from netrc if we still don't have them
if allow_netrc:
netrc_auth = get_netrc_auth(original_url)
if netrc_auth:
logger.debug("Found credentials in netrc for %s", netloc)
return netrc_auth
# If we don't have a password and keyring is available, use it.
if allow_keyring:
# The index url is more specific than the netloc, so try it first
# fmt: off
kr_auth = (
self._get_keyring_auth(index_url, username) or
self._get_keyring_auth(netloc, username)
)
# fmt: on
if kr_auth:
logger.debug("Found credentials in keyring for %s", netloc)
return kr_auth
return username, password
def _get_url_and_credentials(
self, original_url: str
) -> Tuple[str, Optional[str], Optional[str]]:
"""Return the credentials to use for the provided URL.
If allowed, netrc and keyring may be used to obtain the
correct credentials.
Returns (url_without_credentials, username, password). Note
that even if the original URL contains credentials, this
function may return a different username and password.
"""
url, netloc, _ = split_auth_netloc_from_url(original_url)
# Try to get credentials from original url
username, password = self._get_new_credentials(original_url)
# If credentials not found, use any stored credentials for this netloc.
# Do this if either the username or the password is missing.
# This accounts for the situation in which the user has specified
# the username in the index url, but the password comes from keyring.
if (username is None or password is None) and netloc in self.passwords:
un, pw = self.passwords[netloc]
# It is possible that the cached credentials are for a different username,
# in which case the cache should be ignored.
if username is None or username == un:
username, password = un, pw
if username is not None or password is not None:
# Convert the username and password if they're None, so that
# this netloc will show up as "cached" in the conditional above.
# Further, HTTPBasicAuth doesn't accept None, so it makes sense to
# cache the value that is going to be used.
username = username or ""
password = password or ""
# Store any acquired credentials.
self.passwords[netloc] = (username, password)
assert (
# Credentials were found
(username is not None and password is not None)
# Credentials were not found
or (username is None and password is None)
), f"Could not load credentials from url: {original_url}"
return url, username, password
def __call__(self, req: Request) -> Request:
# Get credentials for this request
url, username, password = self._get_url_and_credentials(req.url)
# Set the url of the request to the url without any credentials
req.url = url
if username is not None and password is not None:
# Send the basic auth with this request
req = HTTPBasicAuth(username, password)(req)
# Attach a hook to handle 401 responses
req.register_hook("response", self.handle_401)
return req
# Factored out to allow for easy patching in tests
def _prompt_for_password(
self, netloc: str
) -> Tuple[Optional[str], Optional[str], bool]:
username = ask_input(f"User for {netloc}: ") if self.prompting else None
if not username:
return None, None, False
if self.use_keyring:
auth = self._get_keyring_auth(netloc, username)
if auth and auth[0] is not None and auth[1] is not None:
return auth[0], auth[1], False
password = ask_password("Password: ")
return username, password, True
# Factored out to allow for easy patching in tests
def _should_save_password_to_keyring(self) -> bool:
if (
not self.prompting
or not self.use_keyring
or not self.keyring_provider.has_keyring
):
return False
return ask("Save credentials to keyring [y/N]: ", ["y", "n"]) == "y"
def handle_401(self, resp: Response, **kwargs: Any) -> Response:
# We only care about 401 responses, anything else we want to just
# pass through the actual response
if resp.status_code != 401:
return resp
username, password = None, None
# Query the keyring for credentials:
if self.use_keyring:
username, password = self._get_new_credentials(
resp.url,
allow_netrc=False,
allow_keyring=True,
)
# We are not able to prompt the user so simply return the response
if not self.prompting and not username and not password:
return resp
parsed = urllib.parse.urlparse(resp.url)
# Prompt the user for a new username and password
save = False
if not username and not password:
username, password, save = self._prompt_for_password(parsed.netloc)
# Store the new username and password to use for future requests
self._credentials_to_save = None
if username is not None and password is not None:
self.passwords[parsed.netloc] = (username, password)
# Prompt to save the password to keyring
if save and self._should_save_password_to_keyring():
self._credentials_to_save = Credentials(
url=parsed.netloc,
username=username,
password=password,
)
# Consume content and release the original connection to allow our new
# request to reuse the same one.
# The result of the assignment isn't used, it's just needed to consume
# the content.
_ = resp.content
resp.raw.release_conn()
# Add our new username and password to the request
req = HTTPBasicAuth(username or "", password or "")(resp.request)
req.register_hook("response", self.warn_on_401)
# On successful request, save the credentials that were used to
# keyring. (Note that if the user responded "no" above, this member
# is not set and nothing will be saved.)
if self._credentials_to_save:
req.register_hook("response", self.save_credentials)
# Send our new request
new_resp = resp.connection.send(req, **kwargs)
new_resp.history.append(resp)
return new_resp
def warn_on_401(self, resp: Response, **kwargs: Any) -> None:
"""Response callback to warn about incorrect credentials."""
if resp.status_code == 401:
logger.warning(
"401 Error, Credentials not correct for %s",
resp.request.url,
)
def save_credentials(self, resp: Response, **kwargs: Any) -> None:
"""Response callback to save credentials on success."""
assert (
self.keyring_provider.has_keyring
), "should never reach here without keyring"
creds = self._credentials_to_save
self._credentials_to_save = None
if creds and resp.status_code < 400:
try:
logger.info("Saving credentials to keyring")
self.keyring_provider.save_auth_info(
creds.url, creds.username, creds.password
)
except Exception:
logger.exception("Failed to save credentials")
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